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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">97</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:B5033382-9D21-53CE-B630-B4E3A1146D51</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Bulgarian Cardiology</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">Bulgarian Cardiology</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">1310-7488</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2683-1015</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Bulgarian Society of Cardiology</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3897/bgcardio.29.e116198</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">116198</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Case Report</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>Arrhythmias (аритмии)</subject>
          <subject>Cardiosurgery (кардиохирургия)</subject>
          <subject>Ischemic Heart Disease (исхемична болест на сърцето)</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>His bundle pacing in a patient with atrioventricular conduction abnormalities, persistent atrial flutter at high thromboembolic and bleeding risk after hybrid coronary revascularization and left atrial appendage closure - case report</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Szotek</surname>
            <given-names>M</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">szotek.michal@gmail.com</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Kula</surname>
            <given-names>W.</given-names>
          </name>
          <uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4501-8008</uri>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Malik</surname>
            <given-names>A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Czunko</surname>
            <given-names>A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Lelakowski</surname>
            <given-names>J.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Traykov</surname>
            <given-names>V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9523-6416</uri>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Matusik</surname>
            <given-names>P.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">The John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland</addr-line>
        <institution>The John Paul II Hospital</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Kraków</addr-line>
        <country>Poland</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A2">
        <label>2</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland</addr-line>
        <institution>Jagiellonian University Medical College</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Kraków</addr-line>
        <country>Poland</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A3">
        <label>3</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Acibadem City Clinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, Bulgaria</addr-line>
        <institution>Acibadem City Clinic University Hospital Tokuda</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Sofia</addr-line>
        <country>Bulgaria</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: M Szotek (<email xlink:type="simple">szotek.michal@gmail.com</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: Tchavdar Shalganov</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>31</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>29</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>82</fpage>
      <lpage>88</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/758E086B-E442-5333-B760-A4BDAEDEDC04">758E086B-E442-5333-B760-A4BDAEDEDC04</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>23</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>M Szotek, W. Kula, A. Malik, A. Czunko, J. Lelakowski, V. Traykov, P. Matusik</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>We present a case of a 78-year-old patient with persistent atrial ﬂ utter, history of atrial ﬁ brillation and atrioventricular conduction disturbances, including ﬁ rst-degree atrioventricular block (AVB) and paroxysmal complete AVB. Echocardiography revealed mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, 44%). The patient had high thromboembolic risk, had previous ischemic stroke, suffered from chronic coronary artery disease treated with hybrid coronary revascularization (minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting and subsequent percutaneous coronary intervention) as well as left atrial appendage closure. Because of high bleeding risk, double antiplatelet therapy (acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel) combined with low dose of low-molecular-weight heparin after cardiac surgery were introduced. Due to persistent atrial ﬂ utter, complete AVB, lack of intraventricular conduction abnormalities, mildly reduced LVEF and expected high right ventricle pacing burden, the patient was referred for dual-chamber pacemaker implantation using conduction system pacing (CSP), preferentially His bundle pacing (HBP). The procedure was performed with good outcome and CSP was utilized via HBP. After reassessment of thromboembolic and bleeding risk, the patient was discharged home on reduced dose of dabigatran. Short-term follow-up showed stable HBP parameters along with no additional symptoms. Despite good short-term outcomes and no complications in studied patient, large randomized controlled trials are needed to verify long-term safety and efﬁ cacy of HBP to optimize clinical care of patients with atrioventricular conduction abnormalities using a personalized approach. </p>
      </abstract>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement>National Science Centre, Poland&#13;
Jagiellonian University Medical College&#13;
John Paul II Hospital and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
